17. Types of Frequency Distribution and Curves: (a) Symmetrical Distribution, (b) Moderately Skewed or Asymmetrical Distribution, (c) Extremely Skewed or J-Shaped Distribution, (d) U-Shaped Distribution, and (e) Multi-Modal Distribution Unit.no. 1

Types of Frequency Distribution and Curves:
(a)    Symmetrical Distribution,
(b)   Moderately Skewed or Asymmetrical Distribution,
(c)    Extremely Skewed or J-Shaped Distribution,
(d)   U-Shaped Distribution, and
(e)    Multi-Modal Distribution.
(a)   Symmetrical Distribution: A frequency distribution is said to be symmetrical if the frequencies equidistant from the maximum are equal.
Class interval
0-9
10-19
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
60-69
Frequency
2
5
9
12
9
5
2
(b)  Moderately Skewed or Asymmetrical Distribution: A frequency distribution is said to be skewed when it departs from symmetry, i.e., when the frequencies tend to pile up in one end or the other end of a distribution.
Asymmetrical distributions are of two types, i.e.:
(i)                  Positively skewed, and
(ii)                Negatively skewed.
(i)                 Positively Skewed:
Class interval
0-9
10-19
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
60-69
Frequency
2
5
12
9
7
4
1

(ii)               Negatively Skewed:
Class interval
0-9
10-19
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
60-69
Frequency
1
4
7
9
12
5
2
(c)   Extremely Skewed or J-Shaped Distribution:
Income
0-1999
2000-3999
4000-5999
6000-7999
8000-9999
10000-11999
12000-13999
No. of persons
4000
3000
2500
1500
500
350
150
(d)    U-Shaped Distribution: In such a distribution, the maximum frequencies occur at both ends and a minimum in the centre.
Class interval
1-5
6-10
11-15
16-20
21-25
26-30
Frequency
45
30
18
12
24
40
(e)   Multi-Modal Distribution:
1.    Frequency distributions with more than one maximum are called ‘multi-modal distribution’.
2.    A distribution with two maxima is called a ‘bimodal distribution’.

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